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2008年5月26日 #

【转】移动类型翻译文档(3)

331 Withdrawal of sample from stock in quality inspection

331对质检库存抽样提取

The sample is destructive, that is, the withdrawal has the same effects asscrapping.

抽样是破坏性的,也就是利用提取/领用达到废弃的作用.

333 Withdrawal of sample from unrestricted-use stock

333对非限制库存抽样提取

335 Withdrawal of sample from blocked stock

335对冻结库存抽样提取

340 Revaluation of batch

340批次重估

Using this movement type, you can change a batch's valuation type. The system automatically calls up this movement type when you want to revaluate a batch by choosingLogistics -> Central Functions -> Batch Management -> Batch -> Change(transaction code MSC2N). There is no reversal movement type.

使用这个移动类型,你可以更改批次的评估类型.当你想重估一个批次时,通过选定菜单后勤->核心功能->批次管理->批次->更改(事务代码: MSC2N),系统会自动调用这个事务代码.它没有反冲移动类型.

341 Change in status of a batch (available to unavailable)

批次状态的更改(从可用到不可用)

This goods movement is automatically created when there is a change in thestatus of a batch and it is also used to transfer the unrestricted-use stock into restricted-use stock.

这个移动类型在一个批次状态发生更改时自动创建,它也用于非限制使用库存转储为受限制使用库存.

343 Transfer posting blocked stock - unrestricted-use stock

343从冻结库存到非限制使用的转帐

The quantity is transferred from blocked stock to unrestricted-use stock. You can also post the quantity to another storage location.

数量从冻结库存转储到非限制使用库存.你也可以把数量过帐到别的库存地点.

349 Transfer posting from blocked stock to stock in quality inspection

从冻结库存到质检库存的转帐

351 Goods issue for a stock transport order (without Shipping)

351对库存转储订单发货(不带装运)

The quantity is transferred from unrestricted-use stock in the issuing plant to stock in transit in the receiving plant.

数量从发货工厂非限制使用库存转储到接收工厂的在运库存上.

Movement type 351 is only used if the goods issue is posted without a delivery in Shipping. A goods issue for a stock transport order with delivery in Shipping is posted using movement types641,643,645, or 647.

移动类型351只用于在不带装运的交货单的情况下进行的发货过帐.带交货单的库存转储订单的发货过帐使用移动类型641, 643, 645,或647.

The transfer posting is also possible for materials with split valuation.

这个转帐允许带分割评估的物料.

The goods issue for a stock transport order takes place using movement type101.

对库存转储订单使用移动类型101时,同时发生移动类型351.

For special stock indicators E and Q and for purchase orders assigned to an account, ensure that the quantity is not posted to the stock in transit in the receiving plant.

对于特殊库存标识E和Q,以及分配到一个科目的采购订单,要确保数量在不被过帐到接收工厂的”在运库存”上.

411 Transfer posting of special stocks E, K, and Q to company's own stock

411特殊库存E,K,Q到公司自有库存的转帐

The quantity is transferred from unrestricted-use special stock E (sales order stock), unrestricted-use stock K (consignment stock) and unrestricted-use special stock Q (project stock) to unrestricted-use storage location stock. The corresponding special stock indicator is required for this movement.

数量从非限制使用特殊库存E(销售订单库存),非限制使用库存K(寄售库存),以及非限制使用库存Q(项目库存)转储到非限制使用库存地点上.相应的特殊库存标识必须联合移动类型一起使用.

If you do not use the special stock indicator, the system uses this movement type and movement type311.

如果你不使用特殊库存标识,系统使用移动类型411或311.

For sales order stock, you can change the material number for this movement if you manage the material in your company's own stock under a different material number (for example, for configurable materials).

对于销售订单库存,如果你公司自有库存管理的物料(与销售订单库存物料)存在不同的物料号码,使用这个移动类型时,你可以变更物料号码(例如,对于可配置物料).

Consignment stock is transferred to valuated stock, thus resulting in a vendor liability.

寄售库存转储到评估库存,因而产生一个供应商债务(会计凭证).

413 Transfer posting to sales order stock

库存地点到销售订单的转帐

You can use this movement type to carry out a transfer posting from your own unrestricted-use stock, other sales order stock, consignment stock, and project stock to a sales order stock.

你可以使用这个移动类型来执行一个从自有非限制库存,其它销售订单库存,寄售库存,或项目库存到一个销售订单的转储过帐.

415 Transfer posting to project stock

415库存地点到项目库存

You can use this movement type to carry out a transfer posting from your own unrestricted-use stock, consignment stock, and other project stock to a project stock.

你可以使用这个移动类型来执行一个从自有非限制库存,寄售库存,或其它项目库存到项目库存的转储过帐.

451 Returns from customer (without Shipping)

客户退货到冻结库存(不带装运)

Using movement type 451, you post customer returns without a returns delivery in Shipping into blocked stock returns.

使用这个移动类型,你可以对没有交货单的客户退货过帐到退货冻结库存中

相关的特殊库存标识：

· K Goods receipt for purchase order to consignment stock

K有关寄售库存采购订单的收货

· O Goods receipt for purchase order to stock of material provided to vendor

O有关委外加工库存采购订单的收货（分包）

· E GR for purchase order or order to sales order stock

有关销售订单库存的收货

· Q GR for purchase order or order to project stock.

有关项目库存采购订单的收货

Goods receipt for subcontract order: at goods receipt, the consumption of the components is posted at the same time (see movement type543)

有关分包订单的收货：在收货时，组件的消耗过账也会同时进行（参见移动类型543）（PS.委外加工后返回的物料，原先在库存中的状态为：分包，在101收货的同时，系统会自动作543的转储动作将物料从分包库存转储到非限制自有库存中）。

Goods receipt for stock transport order: at goods receipt the transported quantity is posted in the receiving plant from stock in transit into unrestricted-use stock (stock in quality inspection or blocked stock).

有关库存转储订单的收货：收货时，在接收工厂中，转储数量从在运库存过帐到非限制库存（质量检验或冻结库存）中。

103 Goods receipt for purchase order into GR blocked stock

有关采购订单的收货到GR冻结区

You cannot receive goods into goods receipt blocked stock for stock transport orders.

你不能从库存转储订单收货到GR冻结库存中。

105 Release from GR blocked stock for purchase order

105有关采购订单的从GR冻结区释放到非限制库存

Movement type 105 has the same effects as101.

移动类型105的效果等同于101。

121 Subsequent adjustment for subcontracting

121有关分包的收货后续调整

This movement type cannot be entered manually.

With a subsequent adjustment for a subcontract order it is possible to correct the consumption of components. In this case, the material produced by the supplier is credited with the excess consumption / under-consumption. For this reason, if there is a subsequent adjustment, an item is generated for the produced material using movement movement type 121.

Movement type 121 does not have a reversal movement type.

这个移动类型不能手工输入。在有关分包订单的收货后续调整中，用于矫正组件的（实际）消耗。在这种情况下，由供应商加工（返回）的物料贷记到过剩消耗或不足消耗（科目）中。基于这个原因，如果作一个后续调整的话，就会产生一个使用移动类型121的加工材料(PS.即最终产品,而非组件或原料)的项目。

122 Return delivery to supplier or to production

退货给供应商或生产

Using movement type 122, you can distinguish real return deliveries for a purchase order or order from cancellations (102).

In the standard version, you must enter a reason for the return delivery if you are using movement type 122. This enables you to carry out evaluations for return deliveries.

The effects of movement type 122 correspond to a cancellation of movement type 101.

使用移动类型122，你可以区分是从采购订单或生产订单退货还是从102取消。在标准的版本中，使用移动类型122，你必须输入一个移动原因来说明退货原因，以实现对退货的评估。

123 Reversal of return delivery

123退货给供应商的冲销

If you returned a goods receipt using movement type122, you can reverse the return delivery using movement type 123. This movement type has the same effects as movement type 101.

如果你使用移动类型122退回一个收货，你可以使用移动类型123来接收退回的交货。这个移动类型作用等同于101。

124 Return delivery to vendor from GR blocked stock

从GR冻结区退货给供应商

Using movement type 124, you can return a goods receipt to GR blocked stock (103).

Movement type 124 has the same effects as movement type 104.

使用移动类型124，你可以把从103接收到GR冻结区的货物退回给供应商。移动类型124作用等同于104。

125 Return delivery from GR blocked stock – reversal

'125收货退给冻结库存冲销

If you returned a goods receipt to GR blocked stock using movement type124, you can reverse the return delivery using movement type 125.

Movement type 125 has the same effects as movement type103.

131 Goods receipt for run schedule header

131运行计划抬头的收货

This movement type cannot be entered manually. It is generated automatically at notification of goods receipt for a run schedule header.

这个移动类型不能手工输入，而是在有关运行计划抬头收货的通知单中自动生产的。

141 Goods receipt for subsequent adjustment for active ingredient

141有关活性成分的收货后续调整

This movement type cannot be entered manually. It is generated automatically upon subsequent adjustment for aproportion/product unit. Subsequent adjustment is necessary if the system finds that there has been excess consumption or under-consumption after a goods receipt posting.

这个移动类型不能手工输入，而是在比例/产品单位的后续调整的基础上自动产生的。当系统发现收货之后产生过剩的消耗或不足的消耗时，必须要进行后续调整。

161 Return for purchase order

161采购订单收货退回

If a purchase order item is marked as a returns item, the returns to vendor are posted using movement type 161 when the goods receipt for purchase order (101) is posted.

Movement type 161 has the same effects as movement type122.

如果采购订单一个项目被标记为退货项目，当为采购订单收货使用移动101收货过帐时，此退回给供应商的项目自动使用移动类型161进行退货过帐，其功效等同于122。

201 Goods issue for a cost center

201有关成本中心的发货

The goods can only be withdrawn from unrestricted-use stock.

货物只能从非限制使用库存中提取。

Possible special stock indicators:

· K: Goods withdrawal from consignment stock

K:货物从寄售库存中提取

· P: Goods withdrawal from the pipeline

P:货物从管道物料中提取

If you have withdrawals from consignment stock and from pipeline, payables to suppliers ensue.

如果你从寄售库存和管道中提取物料后，就要相应地要给供应商付款。

221 Goods issue for a project

221有关项目的发货

The goods can only be withdrawn from unrestricted-use stock.

货物只能从非限制使用库存中提取。

231 Goods issue for a customer order (without Shipping)

231有关销售订单的发货（不带装运）

You use this movement type if you want to process the delivery without Shipping.

如果你想通过不作送货单，直接处理交货时，可以用这个移动类型。

The goods can only be withdrawn from unrestricted-use stock.

241 Goods issue for an asset

241资产及在建工程发货

The goods can only be withdrawn from unrestricted-use stock.

货物只能从非限制使用库存中提取。

251 Goods issue for sales (without customer order)

251有关销售的发货（不带客户订单）

Use this movement type if you have not entered a customer order in SD. In the standard system, the movement is assigned to a cost center.

如果你没有在SD里创建客户订单，可以使用这个移动类型。在标准的系统中，这个移动类型需要指定一个成本中心。

The goods can only be withdrawn from unrestricted-use stock.

货物只能从非限制使用库存中提取。

261 Goods issue for an order

261有关生产订单的发货

This refers to all withdrawals for orders (for example, production orders, maintenance orders), with the exception of customer orders.

这里可以参考除了客户订单外的订单进行发货（例如，生产通知单，维修订单）。

The goods issue can be posted manually in Inventory Management or automatically when an order is confirmed or via a delivery in Shipping.

这个移动类型的发货可以在IM库存管理中手工进行过帐,或当一个订单被确认时,或通过装运的一个交货来自动过帐.

281 Goods issue for a network

281有关网络的发货

The goods can only be withdrawn from unrestricted-use stock.

货物只能从非限制使用库存中提取。

The goods issue can also be posted via a delivery in Shipping.

可以通过装运的一个交货来发货.

291 Goods issue for any arbitrary account assignment

291有关任何任意的科目设置的发货

With this movement type, all account assignment fields are ready for input. You can assign the movement to any arbitrary account assignment object.

对于这个移动类型,全部的科目设置字段都是待输入的(没有必输项).你可以分配这个移动类型到任何任意的科目设置对象(成本中心, WBS元素,生产订单,销售订单,网络等等).

The goods can only be withdrawn from unrestricted-use stock.

货物只能从非限制使用库存中提取。

301 Transfer posting plant to plant in one step

301工厂到工厂(一步)转帐

The quantity is transferred from unrestricted-use stock in the issuing plant to unrestricted-use stock in the receiving plant.

数量从发货工厂的非限制库存转储到收货工厂的非限制库存上.

303 Transfer posting plant to plant in two steps - removal from storage

303工厂到工厂(两步)转帐-出库

The quantity is transferred from unrestricted-use stock of the issuing plant to stock in transfer in the receiving plant.

For technical reasons, you cannot carry out transfer postings from plant to plant in two steps for split valuation materials.

数量从发货工厂的非限制库存转储到收货工厂的转储中的库存(库存传送(工厂))上.由于技术的原因,不能对分割评估物料进行工厂到工厂的两步转储过帐.

Removal from storage can be posted with movement type 603 via Shipping.

通过装运作出库可使用移动类型603过帐.

305 Transfer posting plant to plant in two steps - placement in storage

305工厂到工厂(两步)转帐-入库

The quantity is posted from stock in transfer to unrestricted-use stock in the receiving plant. The movement is not valuated.

数量在收货工厂从转储中的库存(库存传送(工厂))转储到非限制库存上.这个过程不产生会计凭证.

You can use movement type605in Shipping to post the goods receipt with reference to the delivery.

你可以使用移动类型605在装运中参考交货单来作收货过帐.

309 Transfer posting material to material

309物料到物料的转帐

The quantity is posted from unrestricted-use stock of the issuing material into unrestricted-use stock in the receiving material.

数量从转出物料的非限制库存转储到接收物料的非限制库存上.

Prerequisite: both materials have the same stock keeping unit.

前提:两物料的库存计量单位必须一致.

311 Transfer posting storage location to storage location in one step

311库存地点到库存地点一步转帐

The quantity is transferred from unrestricted-use stock of the issuing storage location to unrestricted use in the receiving storage location.

See also 321,343,349, and455for other stock types

313 Stock transfer storage location to storage location in two steps - removal from storage

313库存地点到库存地点两步转帐–出库

The quantity is transferred from unrestricted-use stock of the issuing storage location to stock in transfer in the receiving storage location.

315 Transfer posting storage location to storage location in two steps - placement in storage

315库存地点到库存地点两步转帐–入库

321 Transfer posting stock in quality inspection - unrestricted-use stock

321质量检验到非限制的转帐

The quantity is transferred from stock in quality inspection into unrestricted-use stock. Here you can post the quantity to another storage location.

数量从质量检验库存转储到非限制库存.你可以过帐数量到别的库存地点上.

You cannot use this movement type for QM-managed materials since transfer posting for these materials takes place via the usage decision.

当在对实行了QM管理的物料进行质检到非限制转储时，必须通过使用决策来进行，但不能输入这个移动类型。

PS.如果你不想对物料作QM管理，又希望将库存过帐到质检中，可以在物料主数据中激活“过帐到检验库存”，但不能激活“检验设置”中的相关内容。在这种情况下，你才可以用MB1B/321来释放质检库存。

323 Transfer posting storage location to storage location - stock in quality inspection

323质检库存从库存地点到库存地点的转帐

The quantity is transferred from stock in quality inspection in the issuing storage location into stock in quality inspection in the receiving storage location.

325 Transfer posting storage location to storage location - blocked stock

325冻结库存从库存地点到库存地点的转帐

posted @ 2008-05-26 16:23 白水书生的SAP 阅读(2310) | 评论 (0) | 编辑收藏

【转】移动类型翻译文档(1)

移动类型的概念

What Is a Movement Type?

什么是移动类型？

When you enter a goods movement in the system, you must enter amovement typeto differentiate between the various goods movements. A movement type is a three-digit identification key for a goods movement. The following table contains examples of movement types.

当你在SAP系统输入一个货物移动时，你必须输入一个移动类型来区分不用的货物移动。一个移动类型是由3个数字组成的检索表。下表中包含了几个移动类型的例子。

Goods Movements and Movement Types货物移动与移动类型

Goods movement货物移动	Movement type移动类型
Goods receipt for a purchase order来自采购订单的收货	101
Goods issue for a cost center有关成本中心的发货	201
Release from quality inspection stock质检库存到非限制的释放	321

Control Functions of the Movement Type

移动类型的控制功能

The movement type has important control functions in Inventory Management.

在库存管理中，移动类型有着重要的控制功能。

For example, the movement type plays an important role in

例如，移动类型扮演着这样的角色：

updating of quantity fields

数量值的更新

updating of stock and consumption accounts

库存及消耗科目的更新

determining which fields are displayed during entry of a document in the system

决定在系统输入一个凭证时，哪一个栏位会被显示

Results of a Good Movement in the System

货物移动在系统中产生的结果

Use用法

When you enter a goods movement, you start the following chain of events in the system:

当你输入一个货物移动时，你便开始了如下一系列的事件：

A material document is generated, which is used as proof of the movement and as a source of information for any other applications involved.

一个物料凭证会被创建，可以被用来作为移动的证明，及作为其它任何相关应用的一个信息来源。

If the movement is relevant for Financial Accounting, one or more accounting documents are generated.

如果移动跟财务会计有关，同时还会另外产生一个或多个会计凭证。

The stock quantities of the material are updated.

物料的库存数量被更新

The stock values in the material master record are updated, as are the stock and consumption accounts.

物料主数据的库存价值被更新，例如库存及消耗科目

Depending on the movement type, additional updates are carried out in participating applications. All updates are based on the information contained in the material document and the financial accounting document. For example, in the case of a goods issue for a cost center, the consumption values of the items are also updated.

根据移动类型，在参与的应用中会产生额外的数据更新。所有的更新都是基于包含在物料凭证及会计凭证的信息的。例如，有关成本中心的发货，行项目中的消耗值也同样会更新。

Use of movement type

移动类型的使用

Inventory Management (MM-IM)

库存管理(MM-IM)

Classification key indicating the type of material movement (for example, goods receipt, goods issue, physical stock transfer).

分类码指定了物料移动的类型（例如，收货，发货，库存转储）

The movement type enables the system to find predefined posting rules determining how the accounts of the financial accounting system (stock and consumption accounts) are to be posted and how the stock fields in the material master record are to be updated.

移动类型能够激发系统去查找过帐规则，以确定财务会计系统的科目（库存及消耗科目）如何记帐，以及物料主数据中的库存值如何更新。

Logistics Execution (LE)

后勤执行(LE)

Classification key used in the Warehouse Management system to describe a stock movement within a warehouse complex (warehouse number).

分类码在仓库管理系统中用来描述在一个复杂的仓库（仓库号）中的库存移动

Industry-Specific Components for Hospitals (IS-H)

用于医院的特定行业组件(IS-H) (略)

Classification of a movement category.

By way of an example, the movement category 'admission' can have the movement types

Self-referral

Referral by general practitioner

Admission via emergency physician's car

Transfer from external hospital

Copy, Change Movement Types

复制，更改移动类型

In this step, you can change the setting of existing movement types

在这个步骤中，你可以修改已存在的移动类型的设置

define new movement types

定义新的移动类型

When you enter a goods movement, you must always enter the movement type. The movement type has important control functions in Inventory Management. It is essential for

当你输入一个货物移动，你始终必须输入一个移动类型。移动类型在库存管理中有着重要的控制功能。它对下列动作是必不可少的：

updating the quantity fields

更新数量栏位

updating the stock and consumption accounts

更新库存及消耗科目

selection of the fields used for entering documents

选定用于输入凭证的字段

printing goods receipt/issue slips

打印收货/发货标签

At the end of this document, a short description of the movement types defined in the Standard configuration is contained underFurther information.

Note注意

You have already completed the settings of the existing movement types in other steps. This means that, normally, you do not need to maintain the existing movement types.

在其它步骤中，你已经完成了现有的移动类型的设置。意思是说，通常地，你没有必要去维护已有的移动类型。

The various control indicators for the movement types are divided into several views in this step (for example, entry control, posting control). You can find the relevant control indicators in each view.

在这个步骤中，不同的移动类型控制标识分别存在于几个视图中（例如，输入控制，过帐控制）。你可以在各个视图中定义相关的控制标识。

As some control indicators do not only depend on the movoment type, but also on other parameters (for example, debit/credit indicator, special stock indicator, indicator for updating quantities and values),you may find several entries for a movement type for certain views.These entries are necessary to cover all possible dataconstellations in the system.

一些控制标识不仅取决于移动类型，而且还跟其它因素（例如，借/贷标识，特殊库存标识，数量和价值更新标识）有关，你可以在不同视图中找到一个移动类型的几个条目。这些条目必须含盖系统中遍布的所有可能的数据。

Standard Settings

标准设置

In the standard system, movement types are preset for all transactions/events.

在标准系统中，移动类型为所有的事务/事件预置好了。

Recommendations

建议

SAP recommends that you accept the settings defined in the standard system. In this case, no action is required on your part.

推荐你认可标准系统中定义好的设置。在这种情况下，你不必作任何改动。

However, if you have to define new movement types, it is recommended that you create these movement types with reference to an existing movement type. In doing so, you do not have to manually maintain the control indicators.

当然，如果你必须定义新的移动类型，建议你参考已有的移动类型来创建这些新的移动类型。如此一来，你就不必手动去维护那些控制标识了。

Activities

作业

Check whether you can use the preset movement types.

检查你能否使用系统预置的移动类型。

If not, define new movement types as follows:

如果没有，你可以根据下列步骤定义新的移动类型：

1. Once you have carried out the activity, the system displays a dialog box for field selection. In this,you can restrict the movement types you work with to various fields. To copy a movement type, select the fieldMovement typeand chooseContinue. The dialog boxDefine work areaappears.

首先执行这个操作(事务代码：OMJJ)，系统弹出字段选择对话框。在这里，你可以使用几个字段作为条件来限定移动类型的范围。复制一个移动类型，要选定移动类型字段和选择继续按钮。出现确定工作区对话框。

2. In the dialog box Define work area, enter the movement type you want to copy in theFrom:field. In theTo:field, enter the name of the movement type that you want to recreate. To go to the overview of the selected movement types, chooseContinue.

在确定工作区对话框中，输入你想复制的移动类型的范围（从：到：），选择继续按钮。

3. Select the movement type you want to copy, and choose Edit->Copy as.

Overtype the selected movement type with the new movement type (beginning with 9, X, Y, or Z) and copy all dependent entries.

选定你想复制的移动类型，选择编辑->复制为…。

将选定的移动类型改写为新的移动类型（以9, X, Y,或Z打头），及复制所有附属的条目。

The system copies all control indicators from the reference movement type to the new movement type.

系统将从参考的移动类型中复制所有的控制标识到新的移动类型中。

4. Check all views for the new movement type and, if necessary, change the control indicators. Please note that some views have a detail screen.

检查新移动类型的所有视图，如果有必要，可以修改控制标识。注意一些视图会有一个详细的屏幕。

5. Copy the reversal movement type and enter it in the viewReversal/follow-on movement types.

复制冲销移动类型，及在回转/后续移动类型视图中维护这个冲销的移动类型。

6. Save your settings.

保存你的设置。

Caution警告

Movement types have an important control function. In particular, they play a major role in updating the stock quantity and stock value in the material master record. Changing some of the indicators (such as the quantity string or value string) is considered amodification. Please note that update errors resulting from incorrect settings for a movement type are modification-based errors and as such cannot be corrected by the SAP Hotline.

移动类型有一个重要的控制功能。特别地，它们在物料主记录的库存数量和库存价值更新中，扮演着主要的角色。更改一些控制标识（比如数量串和价值串）会被认为是一个（评估）修改。请注意从一个错误的移动类型的设置中出现的，基于（评估）修改的新的错误结果，而且这个结果无法通过SAP Hotline（SAP热线）来修正的。

posted @ 2008-05-26 16:18 白水书生的SAP 阅读(1861) | 评论 (0) | 编辑收藏

【转】SAP实施过程中关键用户应发挥的作用

SAP实施过程中关键用户应发挥的作用

本文关键字

在SAP实施过程中，遵循加速方法论（AcceleratedSAP，ASAP）会达到事半功倍的效果。

　　ASAP是SAP公司为使R/3项目的实施更简单、更有效的一套完整的快速实施方法。ASAP优化了在实施过程中对时间、质量和资源的有效使用等方面的控制，是一个涵盖了使项目实施得以成功所有基本要素的完整的实施方法，主要包括：ASAP路线图、SAP工具包、SAP技术支持和服务、SAP培训和SAP参考模型。ASAP提供了面向过程的，清晰和简明的项目计划，在实施R/3的整个过程中提供一步一步的指导。其中路线图共有五步，包括项目准备、业务蓝图、实现过程、最后准备、上线与技术支持。

　　通过业务流程、组织架构重组，SAP R/3把BPR与ERP有机结合起来。一方面要满足客户需求个性化，另一方面也实现了模块化。当然，企业的管理模式与业务架构转变比较大的企业，在实施SAP时难度较大。SAP的惯用经验是：一方面加强沟通、交流；另一方面采用循序渐进的优化过程。一开始并不下“猛药”，而是坚持持续优化。随着环境与人的观念变化而循序渐进，是一种螺旋式的上升优化过程。
　　在这个实施过程中，人起到了至关重要的作用，尤其是“关键用户(key-user)”。下面笔者将按照ASAP路线图的五大步骤总结一下关键用户在其中应该起的作用。

　　项目前期准备阶段

　　这一阶段关键用户主要是参与SAP模块化的培训，从理解相关模块的基本概念到后台参数配置，前台应用主要是要熟悉SAP系统相关模块的功能，同时参与项目小组前期筹备会议，了解项目的组织结构及项目组成员的职能。

　　关键用户的主要工作是：参与模块化培训。

　　业务蓝图设计阶段

　　这一阶段关键用户的作用在于：(1)协助顾问方进行本公司现状业务流程的调研；(2)按照模板整理现状业务流程文件；(3)参与将来组织结构讨论；(4)参与制定将来流程设计；(5)按模板编写将来流程文档；(6)进行差异分析；(7)收集目前使用单据以及报表；(8)将来报表需求分析；(9)静态数据收集；(10)收集权限需求。

　　这一阶段关键用户的主要工作是：(1)编写本公司现状流程文档；(2)参与将来流程讨论并做好会议纪要；(3)编写将来流程文档；(4)编写开发申请文档；(5)编写权限配置文档；(6)蓝图汇报。　　系统实现阶段
　　这一阶段关键用户的作用在于：(1).参与系统配置；(2).单元测试环境搭建；(3).参与单元测试；(4).集成测试环境搭建；(5).参与集成测试；(6).静态数据检查；(7).参与权限配置并检查权限控制；(8).报表开发以及测试；(9).动态数据收集。

　　这一阶段关键用户的主要工作是：(1)．编写配置文档；(2)．编写单元测试文档；(3)．编写集成测试文档；(4)．按模板整理静态主数据；(5)．按模板收集动态主数据。

　　项目最终准备阶段

　　这一阶段关键用户的作用在于：(1).最终用户培训；(2).静态数据录入；(3).库存盘点；(4).动态数据录入；(5).生产系统准备。

　　这一阶段关键用户的主要工作是：(1)．编写最终用户操作手册；(2)．开发系统和生产系统对比。

　　上线以及上线后支持

　　这一阶段关键用户的作用在于：(1).现场故障排除；(2).日常系统维护；(3).后继系统优化。

　　这一阶段关键用户的主要工作是：(1)．编写系统日常维护手册；(2)．后续内部项目实施。

原文出处：http://www.amteam.org/k/ERP/2007-10/602483.html

posted @ 2008-05-26 15:56 白水书生的SAP 阅读(1487) | 评论 (0) | 编辑收藏

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SAP实施过程中关键用户应发挥的作用